Scania (company)

Scania AB
Type	Public (OMX: SCV B)
Founded	1891
Headquarters	Södertälje, Sweden
Key people	Leif Östling (President and CEO), Jan Ytterberg (CFO), Martin Winterkorn (Chairman of the board),
Industry	Manufacturing
Products	Commercial vehicles, diesel engines
Revenue	SEK 88,997 million (2008)
Operating income	▲ SEK 12,512 million (2008)
Profit	▲ SEK 8,890 million (2008)
Employees	34,780 (2008)
Parent	Volkswagen Group
Website	www.scania.com

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Jump to: navigation, search

Scania AB is a global manufacturer of heavy truck (British English: lorries), buses, and diesel engines. Founded in 1891 in Södertälje, Sweden, the company's head office is still in the city. Today Scania has production facilities in Sweden, France, Netherlands, Argentina, Brazil, Poland and Russia.^[1] In addition, there are assembly plants in ten countries in Africa, Asia and Europe. Scania's sales and service organisation and finance companies are worldwide. In 2008, the company employed approximately 35,000 people around the world.^[1]

Scania's logo shows a Griffin, from the coat of arms of the Swedish region of Scania (Swedish: Skåne).^[3]

[edit] History

Scania A1 1901

Scania Type A Tonneau 1903

A vintage Scania truck (L80 successor to the Scania-Vabis L56)

Scania AB (Scania is Latin for the province of Skåne) came from a merger between the two companies; Vabis and Scania.

[edit] Vabis and Scania

Vabis (Vagnsfabriksaktiebolaget i Södertälje) was founded in 1891 as a subsidiary of Södertälje based steel company Surahammars Bruk, manufacturing railway carriages.^[4] In 1902, engineer Gustaf Erikson designed the company's first truck, powered by a petrol engine and 2-speed gearbox. A year later the first order was placed for a Vabis commercial vehicle.^[4] By 1907 the company had developed a 3-ton truck, however, though it won a Swedish Royal Automobile Club award in 1909, the new range was a financial disaster for the company, failing to attract more than a handful of orders.^[4]

Maskinfabriks-aktiebolaget Scania was founded in 1900 in Malmö in the south of Sweden, and was in the beginning a manufacturer of bicycles,^[4] but by 1903 the first cars left the factory. Two years later Scania built their first truck.^[3]

[edit] Merger

Following the financial problems at Vabis, the companies merged in 1911,^[3] creating Scania-Vabis AB. Engine and car production was moved to Södertälje, and truck production took place in Malmö.^[4]

[edit] World War I and 1920s

For the next few years the company's profits stagnated, with around a third of their orders coming from abroad.^[4] The outbreak of World War I, however, changed the company, with almost all output being diverted to the Swedish Army. By 1916 Scania-Vabis was making enough profit to invest in redeveloping both of their production facilities.^[4]

Following the war, in 1919 Scania decided to focus completely on building trucks, abandoning other outputs including cars and buses.^[4] However, they were hurt by the swamping of the market with decommissioned military vehicles from the war, and by 1921 the company was bankrupt.^[3]

After some economic difficulties in 1921, new capital came from Stockholms Enskilda Bank owned by the Wallenberg family and Scania-Vabis became a solid and technically, high standing, company.

Denmark

Towards the end of 1913, the company established a subsidiary in Denmark. The following year the first Danish-built car, a 4-seater Phaeton, was built at the company's Frederiksberg factory in Copenhagen. In 1914 the factory produced Denmark's first Scania-Vabis truck, and following this developed a V8 engine, one of the first in the world. In 1921, having sold around 175 trucks, and 75 cars, the Danish operation was closed down.^[3]

[edit] 1930s and 1940s

During World War II Scania produced a variety of military vehicles for the Swedish Army, including Stridsvagn m/41 light tanks produced under license.^[3]

[edit] Saab-Scania AB

In 1969, Scania-VABIS merged with SAAB, and formed Saab-Scania AB. When Saab-Scania was split in 1995, the name of the truck and bus division changed simply to Scania AB. One year later Scania AB was introduced on the stock exchange.

Many examples of Scania, Vabis and Scania-Vabis commercial and military vehicles can be seen at the Marcus Wallenberg-hallen (the Scania Museum) in Södertälje.

[edit] Ownership

The two major stockholders of Scania are:

Volkswagen Group is Scania's biggest shareholder, with a 68.6% voting stake in Scania. It gained this by first buying Volvo's stake in 2000, after the latter's aborted takeover attempt, increasing it to 36.4% in 2007, and then buying the remainder from Investor AB in March 2008.^[5] The deal was approved by regulatory bodies in July 2008.^[6] Scania AB then became the ninth brand in the Volkswagen Group.
MAN AG holds a 17.01% voting stake in Scania. Notably Volkswagen also owns a 29.9% voting stake in MAN, acquired in 2007.^[7]

[edit] Aborted Volvo takeover

On 7 August 1999, Volvo announced it had agreed to acquire a majority share in Scania. Volvo was to buy the 49.3% stake in Scania that was owned by Investor AB, Scania's main shareholder. The acquisition, for $7.5 billion (60.7 billion SEK), would have created the world's second-largest manufacturer of heavy trucks, behind DaimlerChrysler. The cash for the deal came from Volvo selling its car division to Ford in January 1999.^[8]

The deal eventually failed, after the European Union had disapproved of the affair, saying it would create a company with almost 100% market share in the Nordic markets.

[edit] Aborted MAN takeover

In September 2006, the German truckmaker MAN AG launched a €10.3bn hostile offer to acquire Scania AB. Scania's CEO Leif Östling was forced to apologise for comparing the bid of MAN to a "Blitzkrieg". MAN AG later dropped its hostile offer, but in January 2008 MAN increased their voting rights in Scania up to 17%.

[edit] Products

Scania develops, manufactures and sells trucks with a gross vehicle weight of more than 16 tonnes (Class 8), intended for long-distance haulage, regional and local distribution of goods as well as construction haulage.

Scania’s bus range is concentrated on bus chassis, intended for use in tourist coaches as well as urban and intercity traffic.

Scania’s industrial and marine engines are used in generator sets and in earthmoving and agricultural machinery, as well as on board ships and pleasure crafts.

[edit] Current

Scania R470 truck

The new Scania R 500

Trucks/Special vehicles

P-series - Typical applications are regional and local distribution, construction, and various specialised operations associated with locally-based transportation and services. P-series trucks have the new P cabs, which are available in three variations: a single-berth sleeper, a spacious day cab and a short cab.

G-series - The G-series models offer an enlarged range of options for operators engaged in national long haul and virtually all types of construction applications. All models have a G cab and each is available as a tractor or rigid. The G-series truck comes with five cab variants: three sleepers, a day cab and a short cab. There are different axle configurations and in most cases a choice of chassis height and suspension.

R-series - The R-series model range debuted in 2004, and won the prestigious International Truck of the Year award the following year.^[9] The range offers various trucks optimised for long haulage. All models have a Scania R cab and each vehicle is available as a tractor or rigid. There are different axle configurations and a choice of chassis height and suspension.

Buses

F-series - with Euro 4 engines
K-series - New bus and coach range with Euro 4/Euro 5 engines
N-series - New bus range with Euro 4/Euro 5 engines
OmniLink (CK-series) - Rear-engined citybus
OmniCity (CN-series) - Transverse-engined citybus
OmniExpress (LK-series) - intercity coach

Engines

Scania's involvement with engine production dates back to 1897 when engineer Gustav Erickson designed the company's first motor car. Since then Scania has grown to be one of the world's most experienced engine manufacturers, building engines for marine and industrial applications.^[10]

[edit] Historical

Buses

BF80 series
BF110/CF110 series
BR110/CR110 series
BF111 series
BR111/CR111 series (BR111DH was built as Metropolitan in UK)
BR112/CR112 series
BR85/CR85 series
BR145/CR145 series
BF86 series
BR86 series
BR116 series
F82 series
K82 series
S82 series
K92 series
F112 series
K112 series
N112 series
S112 series
F93 series
K93 series
F113 series
K113 series
L113 series
N113 series
S113 series
F94HA/HB/IB
K94EB/IB/UB
K114EB/IB
K124EB/IB
L94IB/UA/UB
N94UA/UB/UD (In the UK, N94UB/N94UD was mainly sold as OmniTown/OmniDekka)
OmniLine (IL94IB) - Intercity bus
OmniLink (CL94UA/CL94UB) - Rear inclined-engined citybus
OmniCity (CN94UA/CN94UB) - Transverse-engined citybus
OmniCity (N94UD) - Transverse-engined double-deck citybus

Trucks/Special vehicles

L series
LB series
2-series 82, 92, 112, 142
3-series 93, 113, 143
4-series 94, 114, 124, 144, 164
T-series - successor of 4-series T-models

Engines

DS/DSC11 I6
DS/DSC14 V8

[edit] Model designation (3-series)

The model designation breakdown is as follows:

Main type
- F: Chassis with engine located longitudinally in front of the front axle
- K: Chassis with engine located longitudinally behind the rear axle
- L: Chassis with engine located longitudinally behind the rear axle, inclined 60 degrees leftward
- N: Chassis with transverse engine located behind the rear axle
- CN: Complete bus on N-chassis
- CK: Complete bus on K-chassis
- CL: Complete bus on L-chassis
Engine series
- 9: DN9 or DS9 series engine
- 11: DS11 or DSC11 series engine
Development code
- 3: Third generation
Chassis type
- A: Chassis for articulated bus
- C: Chassis for single-decker, two-axle bus
- D: Chassis for double-decker bus
- N: F-chassis for heavy-duty execution
- T: chassis for single-decker or double-decker bus with trailing axle
Steering wheel location
- L: Left hand drive
- R: Right hand drive

[edit] Gallery

Scania L50 Fire Engine 1968	Scania L80 Truck 1968	Scania L8550 160 Truck 1968	Scania LS110 Truck 1969
Scania LS110 Truck 1970	Scania LS110S Truck 1970	Scania LBS140 Truck 1971	Scania L 50S42120 Truck 1972
Scania L80 Truck 1972	Scania L80 Fire Engine 1972	Scania L50 Tanker 1973	Scania L85 Super Truck 1973
Scania LBS85 Truck 1973	Scania LS110 Truck 1973	Scania L80 Truck 1974	Scania LS140 Truck 1974
Scania L80 Fire Engine 1975	Scania LBS140S46235 Truck 1975	Scania LB110 Truck	Scania LB140 Truck
Scania 140 Truck	Scania L140 Truck 1976	Scania SBAT 111 Truck 1976	Scania LB81 Truck 1977
Scania LS111 Truck 1977	Scania LBS140 Truck 1977	Scania LB141S Truck 1979	Scania T113H. The production of the bonneted T-models ended in October 2005. This one is an earlier model. [1]
Scania CR85	An Alexander-bodied Scania L113 in Singapore	A K113CRB coach with a Van Hool Alizée HE-II body, with New Enterprise Coaches	An articulated bus of First Manchester