Prosopis

Prosopis
	; Prosopis caldenia, a species of central Argentina.
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae;
Division:	Magnoliophyta;
Class:	Magnoliopsida;
Order:	Fabales;
Family:	Fabaceae;
Subfamily:	Mimosoideae;
Tribe:	Mimoseae;
Genus:	Prosopis; L.
Species
	See text.

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Prosopis is a genus of about 45 species of leguminous spiny trees and shrubs found in subtropical and tropical regions of the Americas, Africa and southwest Asia. They often thrive in arid soil and are resistant to droughts, on occasion developing extremely deep root systems. Their wood is usually hard, dense and durable. Their fruits are pods and may contain large amounts of sugar.

[edit] Species

Some of the species in this genus are:

Mesquites (southern United States, Mexico)
- Prosopis glandulosa – Honey Mesquite; haas (Cmiique Iitom)
- Prosopis pallida – American Carob, huarango, kiawe
- Prosopis pubescens – Screwbean Mesquite, "tornillo"
- Prosopis reptans – "tornillo"
- Prosopis strombulifera – Creeping Mesquite
- Prosopis velutina – Velvet Mesquite
"Algarrobos", bayahondas etc. (Neotropics, particularly the Gran Chaco)
- Prosopis affinis – Ñandubay, Algarrobillo, Espinillo, Ibopé-Morotí
- Prosopis alba – Algarrobo blanco; ibopé or igopé (Guaraní)
  - Prosopis alba var. panta – Algarrobo panta
- Prosopis caldenia – Caldén
- Prosopis chilensis – Algarrobo chileno
- Prosopis fiebrigii
- Prosopis flexuosa – Alpataco
- Prosopis hassleri
- Prosopis juliflora – Bayahonda blanca, Bayarone Français; Kabuli Kikar, Vilayati Babul, Vilayati Khejra or Vilayati Kikar (Hindi); trupillo or turpío (Wayuunaiki)
- Prosopis kuntzei – Itín, Barba de tigre, Carandá, Palo mataco
- Prosopis nigra – Algarrobo negro, Algarrobo amarillo, Algarrobo dulce, Algarrobo morado
- Prosopis rojasiana
- Prosopis ruscifolia – Vinal
- Prosopis tamarugo – Tamarugo
African species
- Prosopis africana
Asian species (India - mainly Rajasthan - to Arabia)
- Prosopis cineraria – Jand; ghaf (Arabic); sami or sumri (Gujarati); khejri, sangri (Rajasthani); kandi (Sindhi)

[edit] Phytochemistry

Prosopis has been found to contain 5-hydroxytryptamine, apigenin, isorhamnetin-3-diglucoside, l-arabinose, quercetin, tannin and tryptamine.^[1]

Prosopis Species Known to Contain Alkaloids
Prosopis alba	Beta-phenethylamine and tryptamine^[2]
Prosopis alpataco	"Aerial parts" contain tryptamine. Phenethylamine derivatives.^[3]
Prosopis argentina	"Aerial parts" contain tryptamine. Phenethylamine derivatives.^[3]
Prosopis chilensis^{[verification needed]} \|\| "Aerial parts" contain beta-phenethylamine and derivatives plus tryptamine^[3]^[4]
Prosopis argentina	Exudate contains tryptamine. Phenethylamine derivatives.^[3]
Prosopis glandulosa	Alkaloids in bark and roots,^[5] tyramine and N-methyltyramine (a stimulant) in leaves^[6]
Prosopis juliflora	5-HTP (plant) and tryptamine (plant).^[7]
Prosopis nigra	Harman, eleagnine and N-acetyltryptamine^[8]
Prosopis pugionata	"Aerial parts" contain tryptamine. Phenethylamine derivatives.^[3]
Prosopis tamarugo	Phenethylamine^[4]

[edit] Photos

Prosopis affinis	Prosopis alba	Prosopis caldenia	Prosopis cineraria
Prosopis glandulosa	Prosopis juliflora	Prosopis kuntzei	Prosopis nigra
Prosopis pallida	Prosopis pubescens	Prosopis chilensis Chilean Algarrobo