Philip, Duke of Parma
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| Infante Felipe of Spain | |
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| Duke of Parma, Plasencia and Guastalla; Duke of Canzano; Count of Chinchón | |
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| Spouse | Princess Marie Louise Élisabeth of France |
| Issue | |
| Isabella Maria of Parma Ferdinand, Duke of Parma Maria Luisa, Queen of Spain |
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| Father | Philip V of Spain |
| Mother | Elisabeth of Parma |
| Born | March 15, 1720 Real Alcázar de Madrid Madrid Spain |
| Died | July 18, 1765 (aged 45) Alexandria, Egypt |
Philip of Spain, Duke of Parma, Plasencia and Guastalla (15 March 1720 – 18 July 1765) was duke of Parma from 1748 to 1765. He founded the house of Bourbon-Parma (a.k.a the Bourbons of Parma).
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[edit] Life
Born Infante Felipe de España at the Real Alcázar de Madrid in Madrid, he was the fourth child and third son of Philip V of Spain and his wife, Elisabeth of Parma. His other siblings were:
- Infante Carlos (1716-1788) - later Duke of Parma (1731-1735); King of Spain (1735-1788) would marry Maria Amalia of Saxony;
- Infante Francisco of Spain (1717) - died in infancy;
- Infanta Mariana Victoria (1718-1781) - Engaged to Louis XV of France but later Queen of Portugal as wife of Joseph I of Portugal; They were the parents of Maria I of Portugal, the first Queen Regnant of Portugal;
- Infante Felipe (1720-1765) - Later Duke of Parma as heir of his mother; married Princess Louise-Élisabeth of France, the eldest daughter of Louis XV. They founded the House of Bourbon-Parma which still claims the title Duke of Parma and Piacenza;
- Infanta Maria Teresa Rafaela Antonia (1726-1746) - Married Louis, Daupin of France, eldest son of Louis XV;
- Infante Luis Antonio Jamie (1727-1785) - never married;
- Infanta Maria Antonietta Ferdinanda (1729 - 1785), was Queen of Sardinia as the wife of King Victor Amadeus III of Sardinia. She was a mother of 3 rulers of Sardinia.
He was raised in Madrid and as a child showed more interest in Music and Art than in politics. He was also the 12th Count of Chinchón Grandee of Spain First Class with a Coat of Arms of de Bourbon after the alienation with Royal Authorization in 1738 of the 11th Conde Don Jose Sforza-Cesarini, Duke of Canzano, title he later ceded to his brother Louis in 1754.
His mother was from the family of Farnese, which had ruled the Duchy of Parma, Piacenza and Guastalla for many generations. The Duchy had been ruled between 1731 and 1736 by his elder brother Charles, but exchanged with Austria for The Two Sicilies after the War of Polish Succession. Twelve years later, in the Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle (1748), Austria lost the Duchy, and Philip became the new Duke, founding the House of Bourbon-Parma.
The Duchy of Parma was ruined by many years of warfare, and in 1759 Philip named the abled Frenchmen Guillaume du Tillot as his minister to restore the economy. Philip was an enlightened ruler. He expelled the Jesuits from Parma in 1768. He stimulated education and philosophy, attracting personalities like Étienne Bonnot de Condillac.
 Philip in his later years |
 Philip in 1750 |
 The Parmese family c 1755. (L-R) Ferdinand; Maria Luisa; Wife; Isabella Maria |
[edit] Marriage
Philip married Princess Louise-Élisabeth of France on 25 October 1739. They had the following children:The marriage was not a happy one, but the couple had three children:
- Isabella Maria Luisa Antonietta Ferdinanda Giuseppina Saveria Dominica Giovanna of Parma (31 December 1741 – 27 November 1763) - she married Marie Antoinette's older brother, the Austrian emperor, Joseph II. She had issue, but all her children died in childhood.
- Ferdinando Maria Filippo Lodovico Sebastiano Francesco Giacomo of Parma (20 January 1751 – 9 October 1802), ) - he succeeded his father as Duke of Parma in 1765 and married his older sister's sister-in-law, the Archduchess Maria Amalia of Austria. He left issue.
- Luisa Maria Teresa Ana of Parma (9 December 1751 – 2 January 1819) - she was known as Maria Luisa. She married her cousin, the Infante Carlos of Spain, and later became the Queen Consort of Spain. She left issue.
| Family of Philip in 1743 |
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Philip died unexpectedly on 18 July 1765 in Alexandria (Egypt), while he was accompanying his daughter Maria Luisa to Spain to be married to Infante Charles. Through Philip's daughter Maria Luisa, he is an ancestor of the Bourbons of Spain, the Bourbons of the Two Sicilies, and the House of Orleans.
[edit] Ancestors
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[edit] Titles and Styles
- 15 March 1720 - 1749 His Royal Highness Don Felipe, Infante of Spain[1]
- 1749 - 18 July 1765 His Royal Highness the Duke of Parma, Plasencia and Guastalla
[edit] References
- ^ http://www.heraldica.org/topics/france/frroyal.htm#sang Style of HRH and further information on Princes of the Blood
[edit] Titles
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