Materiomics
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Materiomics is defined as the large-scale study of the material properties of biological materials (e.g. hierarchical protein structures and materials, mineralized biological tissues, etc.) and their effect on the macroscopic function and failure in their biological context, linking processes, structure and properties at multiple scales through a materials science approach.
This term has been independently proposed with slightly different interpretations by T. Akita et al. (AIST/Japan, 2004), J. de Boer and C. van Blitterswijk (University of Twente/The Netherlands, 2008) and M. Buehler (MIT/USA, 2008) in analogy to genomics, the study of an organism's entire genome. Similarly, materiomics refers to the study of the processes, structures and properties of materials in a biological organism or biological system, its materiome. Materiomics is considered a progression of the study of biological materials and biomaterials.
Materiomics finds applications in elucidating the biological role of materials in biology, for instance in the progression and diagnosis or the treatment of diseases. Others have proposed to apply materiomics concepts to help identify new material platforms for tissue engineering applications, for instance for the de novo development of biomaterials. Materiomics might also hold promises for nanoscience and nanotechnology, where material concepts from biology might enable the bottom-up development of new structures and materials or devices.
The understanding of the materiome is still at its infancy, where the role of the relationship between processes, structures and properties of materials in biological organisms is thus far only partially explored and understood. Approaches in studying the materiome include multi-scale simulation methods (e.g. molecular dynamics), multi-scale experiments (e.g. AFM, optical tweezers, etc.) as well as high-throughput methods based on combination of these techniques.
Materiomics is related to proteomics, where the difference is the focus on material properties, stability, failure and mechanistic insight into multi-scale phenomena. Materiomics also includes the study of whole range of materials including but not limited to metals, ceramics and polymers along with their biological behavior.
[edit] See also
[edit] References (ordered by publication date)
- [1]: Akita, T., Ueda, A., et al. Analytical TEM Observations of Combinatorial Catalyst Libraries for Hydrogen Production—As a Part of "MATERIOMICS", Materials Research Society Proceedings, Vol. 804, 2004
- [2]: Buehler, M.J., Keten, S. Elasticity, strength and resilience: A comparative study on mechanical signatures of α-Helix, β-sheet and tropocollagen domains. Nano Research, Vol. 1(1), pp. 63-71, 2008 (May, 2008).
- [3]: Clemens van Blitterswijk et al. Materiomics: dealing with complexity in Tissue Engineering, press release on science24.com (July 7, 2008).
- [4]: Buehler, M.J., Keten, S., Ackbarow, T. Theoretical and computational hierarchical nanomechanics of protein materials: Deformation and fracture. Progress in Materials Science, Vol. 53(8), pp. 1101-1241, 2008 (November, 2008).
