List of political parties in Romania
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Political parties in Romania lists political parties in Romania.
Romania has a multi-party system, with numerous parties in which no one party often has a chance of gaining power alone, and parties must work with each other to form coalition governments.
Contents |
[edit] Present-day parliamentary parties
Present-day political parties with parliamentary representation, in order of the number or representatives they have in the Chamber of Deputies:
- Democratic Liberal Party (Partidul Democrat-Liberal, PD-L) - liberal conservative, centre-right, led by Emil Boc, ruling party
- Social Democratic Party (Partidul Social Democrat, PSD) - social democratic, center-left, led by Mircea Geoană, part of the union PSD+PUR, ruling party
- National Liberal Party (Partidul Naţional Liberal, PNL) - liberal, centre-right, led by Crin Antonescu, former member of the Justice and Truth Alliance
- Democratic Union of Hungarians in Romania (Uniunea Democrată Maghiară din România, UDMR) - centrist, Hungarian minority party, led by Béla Markó
- Conservative Party (Partidul Conservator, PC) - conservative, founded by the Romanian businessman Dan Voiculescu and currently led by Daniela Popa, part of the union PSD+PUR, ruling party
[edit] Minor parties
- Christian-Democratic National Peasants' Party (Partidul Naţional Ţărănesc Creştin Democrat)
- Communist Party (Nepecerişti) (Partidul Comuniştilor (Nepecerişti))
- Democratic Force of Romania (Partidul Forţa Democrată din România)
- Ecologist Party of Romania (Partidul Ecologist Român)
- Greater Romania Party (Partidul România Mare)
- Green Party (Partidul Verde)
- National Initiative Party (Partidul Iniţiativa Naţională)
- New Generation Party – Christian Democratic (Partidul Noua Generaţie - Creştin Democrat)
- Socialist Alliance Party (Partidul Alianţa Socialistă)
[edit] Present-day registered political parties
Social Democratic Party National Liberal Party Democratic Party Democratic Union of Hungarians in Romania Conservative Party Greater Romania Party Democratic Forum of Germans in Romania
Democratic-Liberal Party Social Democratic Party National Liberal Party Democratic Union of Hungarians in Romania Christian-Democratic National Peasants' Party Democratic Forum of Germans in Romania
This is the complete list of political parties registered in Romania, current as of October 2006. [1]
| Christian Democratic Party | Partidul Creştin Democrat |
| Christian-Democratic People's Party | Partidul Popular Creştin-Democrat |
| Christian Party | Partidul Creştin |
| Communist Party (Nepecerişti) | Partidul Comuniştilor (Nepecerişti) |
| Conservative Party | Partidul Conservator |
| Democratic Force of Romania | Partidul Forţa Democrată din România |
| Democratic Party | Partidul Democrat |
| Democratic Youth Party | Partidul Tineretului Democrat |
| Ecologist Party of Romania | Partidul Ecologist Român |
| Force of Justice | Forţa Dreptăţii |
| "For the Fatherland" Party | Partidul "Pentru Patrie" |
| Greater Romania Party | Partidul România Mare |
| Green Party | Partidul Verde |
| Liberal Democratic Party | Partidul Liberal Democrat |
| National Democratic Christian Party | Partidul Naţional Democrat Creştin |
| National Democratic Bloc | Blocul Naţional Democrat |
| National Initiative Party | Partidul Iniţiativa Naţională |
| National Liberal Party | Partidul Naţional Liberal |
| New Democracy Party | Partidul Noua Democraţie |
| New Generation Party | Partidul Noua Generaţie |
| Party of National Dignity | Partidul Demnităţii Naţionale |
| Popular and Social Protection Party | Partidul Popular şi Protecţiei Sociale |
| Party of Unity of the Romanian Nation | Partidul Unităţii Naţiunii Române |
| People's Action | Acţiunea Populară |
| People's Party | Partidul Popular |
| People's Party of Romania | Partidul Popular din România |
| People's Agrarian Party | Partidul Popular Agrar |
| "Romanian Renaissance" Party | Partidul "Renaşterea României" |
| Romanian Socialist Party | Partidul Socialist Român |
| Romanian Workers' Party | Partidul Muncitoresc Român |
| Socialist Alliance Party | Partidul Alianţa Socialistă |
| Social Democratic Party | Partidul Social Democrat |
| Social Democratic Party "Constantin Titel Petrescu" | Partidul Social Democrat "Constantin Titel Petrescu" |
| Third Millennium Party | Partidul Mileniului III |
| Union for Romanian Reconstruction | Uniunea pentru Reconstrucţia României |
| United Socialist Party | Partidul Socialist Unit |
| United Left Party | Partidul Stângii Unite |
| Youth Party of Romania | Partidul Tinerilor din România |
Political alliance:
| Christian Democratic People's Alliance | Alianţa Populară Creştin-Democrată |
[edit] Present-day ethnic minority parties
- See also: Romanian ethnic minorities parties
| Association of Italians of Romania | Asociaţia Italienlor din România |
| Bulgarian Union of the Banat - Romania | Uniunea Bulgară din Banat - România |
| Cultural Union of Ruthenians of Romania | Uniunea Culturală a Rutenilor din România |
| Democratic Forum of Germans of Romania | Forumul Democrat al Germanilor din România |
| Democratic Union of Slovaks and Czechs in Romania | Uniunea Democratică a Slovacilor şi Cehilor din România |
| Democratic Union of Turco-Islamic Tatars of Romania | Uniunea Democrată a Tătarilor Turco-Musulmani din România |
| Federation of Jewish Communities of Romania | Federaţia Comunităţilor Evreieşti din România |
| Greek Union of Romania | Uniunea Elenă din România |
| League of Albanians of Romania | Liga Albanezilor din România |
| Lipovan Russian Community of Romania | Comunitatea Ruşilor Lipoveni din România |
| Party of the Roma | Partida Romilor |
| Turkish Democratic Union of Romania | Uniunea Democrată Turcă din România |
| Union of Armenians of Romania | Uniunea Armenilor din România |
| Union of Croatians of Romania | Uniunea Croaţilor din România |
| Union of Poles of Romania "Dom Polski" | Uniunea Polonezilor din România "Dom Polski" |
| Union of Serbs of Romania | Uniunea Sârbilor din România |
| Union of Slavic Macedonians of Romania | Asociaţia Macedonenilor Slavi din România |
| Union of Ukrainians of Romania | Uniunea Ucrainienilor din România |
[edit] Historical Parties
[edit] Other post-1989 parties
Parties no longer active.
| Alliance for Romania | Alianţa pentru România (APR) | Absorbed into National Liberal Party in August 2001 |
| Christian-Democratic National Peasants' Party | Refounded as the Christian-Democratic People's Party; active 1989-2005 | |
| Civic Alliance Party | Partidul Alianţa Civică (PAR) | Absorbed into National Liberal Party; active 1991-2003 |
| Democratic Agrarian Party of Romania | Partidul Democrat Agrar din România (PDAR) | |
| Free Exchange Party | Partidul Liber-Schimbist (PL-S) | Active 1990-1996 |
| Liberal Party 1993 | Partidul Liberal 1993 (PL 1993) | Absorbed into National Liberal Party; active 1993-1995 |
| National Christian Democratic Alliance | Alianţa Natională Creştin Democrată (ANCD) | Absorbed into Christian-Democratic National Peasants' Party |
| National Liberal Party-Câmpeanu | Partidul Naţional-Liberal-Câmpeanu (PN-L-C) | Absorbed into National Liberal Party; active 1995-2003 |
| National Liberal Party-Democratic Convention | Partidul Naţional Liberal - Convenţia Democrată (PNL-CD) | Absorbed into National Liberal Party; 1991-1993 |
| National Liberal Party Youth Wing | Partidul Naţional-Liberal Aripa Tînără (PNLAT) | Merged into the Liberal Party 1993; active 1990-1992 |
| Party of Liberty and Social Unity | Partidul Libertăţii şi Unităţii Sociale (PLUS) | Active 1993-1996 |
| Party of Romanian Life | Partidul Vieţii Româneşti (PVR) | |
| People's Action | Acţiunea Populară (AP) | |
| People's Party | Partidul Popular (PP) | |
| Romanian Democratic Convention | Convenţia Democrată Română (CDR) | Electoral alliance created in 1992 by Christian-Democratic National Peasants' Party, the National Liberal Party, the Civic Alliance Party and others, disbanded in 2000 after the withdrawal of National Liberal Party. The remaining parties formed a new alliance named CDR 2000, but failed to win enough votes to enter Parliament in the 2000 election. CDR 2000 eventually disappeared in January 2001 |
| Romanian National Unity Party | Partidul Unităţii Naţionale a Românilor (PUNR) | |
| Romanian Social Democratic Party | Partidul Social Democrat Român (PSDR) | Absorbed into Social Democratic Party in 2001 |
| Socialist Party | Partidul Socialist (PS) | |
| Socialist Party of Labour | Partidul Socialist al Muncii (PSM) | One section absorbed into Social Democratic Party in July 2003, another reconstituted as the Socialist Alliance Party |
| Union for Romanian Reconstruction | Uniunea pentru Reconstrucţia României (URR) | |
| Union of Right-Wing Forces | Uniunea Forţelor de Dreapta (UFD) | Founded in 1996 as Alternative for Romania Party (Partidul Alternativa României (PAR)), changed its name to UFD in 2000, absorbed into 'National Liberal Party in April 2003 |
[edit] Communist-era parties
Although distinct parties in the communist era were not politically relevant, the following were the officially recognized political forces.
| Romanian Communist Party | Partidul Comunist Român (PCR) | Known as Romanian Workers' Party (Partidul Muncitoresc Român (PMR)) between 1948 and 1965; disestablished in 1989 |
| Front of Democratic and Socialist Unity | Frontul Democraţiei şi Unitaţii Socialiste (FDUS) | An organization created as an outlet of the PCR; active 1975-1989 |
| General Union of Romanian Trade Unions | Uniunea Generală a Sindicatelor din România (UGSR) | Active 1948-1989 |
| Hungarian People's Union | Uniunea Populară Maghiară (UPM) / Magyar Népi Szövetség (MNSz) | Created as Union of Hungarian Workers of Romania (Magyar Dolgozók Országos Szövetsége (MADOSZ)), in close alliance with the Romanian Communist Party; active 1934-1953 |
| Jewish Democratic Committee | Comitetul Democratic Evreiesc | In close alliance with the Romanian Communist Party; active 1946-1953[2] |
| Ploughmen's Front | Frontul Plugarilor | Closely associated with the Romanian Communist Party'; active 1933-1953 |
Other parties were allowed to exist, with unclear status, until mid-1948.[3]
[edit] Parties active between 1918 and 1947
The following parties were all active in Romania in the interwar period and, in some cases, through and after World War II.
- See also: Kingdom of Romania
Dates of founding and dissolution are given, where known. Failing that, the earliest and latest dates known for activities are given.
[edit] Parties active before 1918
- See also Romanian Old Kingdom
[edit] See also
[edit] Notes
- ^ Registrul partidelor politice, Legea Nr. 14/2003. Tribunalul Bucureşti. Accessed 7 October 2006
- ^ a b c Ştefan
- ^ Frunză, p.357
- ^ a b Veiga, p.215
- ^ Niculae et al., p.12
- ^ How the Bolshevik-Leninist Group of Romania was Founded (with introduction), at the Marxists Internet Archive; retrieved 19 July 2007
- ^ a b Gruber, Cap. V
- ^ Niculae et al., p.15
- ^ Veiga, p.228-230
- ^ Niculae et al., p.14
- ^ Frunză, p.299; Niculae et al., p.16, 45; Videnie, p.46
- ^ Constantinescu
- ^ Germanii, on Divers.ro
- ^ Frunză, p.282
- ^ Evreii, on Divers.ro
- ^ Niculae et al., p.9
- ^ Mihailov
- ^ Tineretul Liberal Gorj; Marian Ştefănescu, Jean Th. Florescu şi misiunea sa la Madrid
- ^ Maghiarii, on Divers.ro
- ^ Otu
- ^ Veiga, p.215, 224
- ^ Veiga, p.45-49
- ^ Veiga, p.214
- ^ Veiga, p.163
- ^ Frunză, p.118-119, 299; Niculae et al., p.16; Videnie, p.46
- ^ Veiga, p.179
- ^ Veiga, p.133, 163, 254, 255
- ^ Otu
- ^ Niculae et al., p.14, 15
- ^ Niculae et al., p.14-15
- ^ Niculae et al., p.15; Veiga, p.215
- ^ 110 ani de social-democraţie, p.5, 21; Frunză, p.203-204, 214
- ^ 110 ani de social-democraţie, p.6, 24
- ^ Frunză, p.116, 125, 187
- ^ Frunză, p.117; Marin, "II. Viaţa şi opera lui G. Călinescu sub comunism"
- ^ a b Ornea
- ^ Niculae et al., p.39
[edit] References
- (Romanian) 110 ani de social-democraţie în România ("110 Years of Social Democracy in Romania"), Social Democratic Party, Ovidiu Şincai Social Democratic Institute, Bucharest, July 9, 2003
- Ion Constantinescu, "Dr. N. Lupu: «Dacă şi d-ta ai fi fost bătut...»" ("Dr. N. Lupu: «If You Yourself Had Been Beaten...»"), in Magazin Istoric, August 1971
- Victor Frunză, Istoria stalinismului în România ("History of Stalinism in Romania"), Humanitas, Bucharest, 1990
- (Romanian) Victoria Gabriela Gruber, Summary of Partidul Naţional Liberal (Gheorghe Brătianu) (PDF file)
- (Romanian) Gabriel Marin, "Între culpabilitate şi mit: George Călinescu - Un istoric literar român în timpul regimului comunist" ("In Between Guilt and Myth: George Călinescu - A Romanian Literary Historian during the Communist Regime"), in Erasmus, 1997
- (Romanian) Paula Mihailov, "Dubla criză a 'României profunde'" ("The Double Crisis of 'Profound Romania'"), in Jurnalul Naţional, July 12, 2005
- Vasile Niculae, Ion Ilincioiu, Stelian Neagoe, Doctrina ţărănistă în România. Antologie de texte ("Peasant Doctrine in Romania. Collected Texts"), Editura Noua Alternativă, Social Theory Institute of the Romanian Academy, Bucharest, 1994
- Z. Ornea, Introduction and chronological table to George Panu, Amintiri de la "Junimea" din Iaşi ("Recollections from the Iaşi Junimea"), Ed. Minerva, Bucharest, 1998
- (Romanian) Petre Otu, "1946-1947. Se pregăteşte guvernul Argetoianu!" ("1946-1948. An Argetoianu Government Is Under Preparation!"), in Magazin Istoric, May 2000
- Ioan Scurtu, Viaţa Politică din România 1918–1914 ("Political Life in Romania 1918–1914"), Editura Albatros, Bucharest, 1982
- M. Ştefan, "În umbra Cortinei de Fier" ("In the Shadow of the Iron Curtain"), in Magazin Istoric, November 1995
- Francisco Veiga, Istoria Gărzii de Fier, 1919-1941: Mistica ultranaţionalismului ("History of the Iron Guard, 1919-1941: The Mystique of Ultra-Nationalism"), Humanitas, Bucharest, 1993
- Nicolae Videnie, "«Alegerile» din martie 1948: epilogul listelor electorale alternative. Obsesia unanimităţii — primii paşi" ("The «Elections» of March 1948: an Epilogue to Alternative Electoral Lists. Unanimity Obsession — The First Steps Taken"), in Dosarele Istoriei, 11/V, 2000
[edit] External links
- Leftist parties in Romania at broadleft.org
- (Romanian) Ioan Scurtu, Theodora Stănescu-Stanciu, Georgiana Margareta Scurtu, Istoria românilor între anii 1918-1940: IV. Partidele politice în primul deceniu interbelic (political programs of major parties in interwar Romania)
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