List of Vice Presidents of the Philippines
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This is a complete list of Vice Presidents of the Philippines. The list includes Vice Presidents who were inaugurated by as Vice President of the Philippines following the ratification of a constitution that explicitly declared the existence of the Philippines. The inclusion of Mariano Trias in the list is disputed, for Trias was chosen as Vice President at the Tejeros Convention, and again as Vice-President for the short-lived Biak na Bato Republic, which was dissolved after the signing of the Pact of Biak na Bato and Aguinaldo's exile. Neither the reassumption of power by Emilio Aguinaldo when the revolution was resumed in May 1898 or his formal proclamation and inauguration as President under the First Philippine Republic in 1899 were regimes that provided for a vice presidency. The vice presidency within the context of the Philippine government was formally created by the constitution in 1935.
Note that the Vice-Presidents under the Commonwealth of the Philippines were under American sovereignty, and that there was no office of the vice president during the Second Republic, considered to be a puppet government of Imperial Japan during World War II.
When Ferdinand Marcos declared martial law, the sitting vice president, Fernando Lopez, was removed from the office. Marcos ruled without a vice-president until 1986. The 1973 constitution initially did not provide for a vice-president, but subsequent amendments restored the office. A Vice-President was able to sit after the 1986 election when the Marcos-Arturo Tolentino ticket were proclaimed winners by the Batasang Pambansa.
Three vice presidents succeeded to the presidency due to the death of the president - Sergio Osmeña (1944), Elpidio Quirino (1948) and Carlos P. Garcia (1957). They did not nominate a new vice-president, since the 1935 constitution was silent on the matter, a new vice-president would sit after the results of following elections were known. Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo became president after the Supreme Court ruled that President Joseph Estrada resigned. Arroyo appointed Teofisto Guingona days after she ascended into power. The 1987 constitution mandated the President to nominate a vice president from a member of the Congress of the Philippines, in which both houses will vote separately for confirmation via a majority vote.
Fernando Lopez is the longest-serving vice president, who stayed in office for 2,884 nonconsecutive days. Arturo Tolentino served 6 days before being deposed in the 1986 People Power Revolution. Noli de Castro was the first vice president who was never a member of any political party but affiated with the political coalition led by Lakas-CMD.
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[edit] List of Vice Presidents
Katipunan Kalibapi (Japanese-sponsored) Nacionalista Liberal Kilusang Bagong Lipunan United Nationalists Democratic Organizations Nationalist People's Coalition Lakas-Christian Muslim Democrats
| # | Vice President | Took office | Left office | Party | President | Term | Era | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Mariano Trías | March 22, 1897 | December 15, 1897[1] | Katipunan (Magdalo faction) |
Emilio Aguinaldo | A | Tejeros Convention & Republic of Biak-na-Bato | |
| Abolished December 27, 1897 - April 16, 1902 |
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| N/A | Francisco Carreón | April 16, 1902 | July 14, 1906[2] | Katipunan (Magdiwang faction) |
Macario Sakay | B | Tagalog Republic (Sakay) | |
| Abolished July 14, 1906 - November 15, 1935 |
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| 2 | Sergio Osmeña | November 15, 1935 | August 1, 1944[3] | Nacionalista | Manuel L. Quezon | 1 | Commonwealth | |
| 2 | ||||||||
| N/A | Benigno Aquino Sr.[4] Ramon Avancena[5] |
October 14, 1942 | August 17, 1945[6] | KALIBAPI[7] (Caretaker government under Japanese occupation) |
Jose P. Laurel | C | Second Republic | |
| Vacant August 17, 1945 - May 28, 1946 |
Sergio Osmeña | 2 | Commonwealth | |||||
| 3 | Elpidio Quirino | May 28, 1946 | April 15, 1948[3] | Liberal | Manuel Roxas | 3 | ||
| Third Republic | ||||||||
| Vacant April 15, 1948 - December 30, 1949 |
Elpidio Quirino | |||||||
| 4 | Fernando Lopez | December 30, 1949 | December 30, 1953 | Liberal | 4 | |||
| 5 | Carlos P. Garcia | December 30, 1953 | March 17, 1957[3] | Nacionalista | Ramon Magsaysay | 5 | ||
| Vacant March 17, 1957 - December 30, 1957 |
Carlos P. Garcia | |||||||
| 6 | Diosdado Macapagal | December 30, 1957 | December 30, 1961 | Liberal | 6 | |||
| 7 | Emmanuel Pelaez | December 30, 1961 | December 30, 1965 | Liberal | Diosdado Macapagal | 7 | ||
| 8 | Fernando Lopez | December 30, 1965 | January 17, 1973[8] | Nacionalista | Ferdinand E. Marcos | 8 | ||
| 9 | ||||||||
| Abolished[9] January 17, 1973 - January 23, 1984 |
-- | Second Dictatorship | ||||||
| Vacant January 23, 1984 - February 16, 1986 |
10 | Fourth Republic | ||||||
| 9 | Arturo Tolentino | February 16, 1986 | February 25, 1986[10] | Kilusang Bagong Lipunan | 11 | |||
| 10 | Salvador Laurel | February 25, 1986[11] | June 30, 1992 | United Nationalists Democratic Organizations / Nacionalista[12] | Corazon C. Aquino | |||
| Fifth Republic | ||||||||
| 11 | Joseph Estrada | June 30, 1992 | June 30, 1998 | Nationalist People's Coalition / Partido ng Masang Pilipino[13] | Fidel V. Ramos | 12 | ||
| 12 | Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo | June 30, 1998 | January 20, 2001 | Lakas-National Union of Christian Democrats-United Muslim Democrats of the Philippines | Joseph E. Estrada | 13 | ||
| Vacant January 20, 2001 - February 7, 2001 |
Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo | |||||||
| 13 | Teofisto Guingona | February 7, 2001[14] | June 30, 2004 | Lakas-Christian Muslim Democrats | ||||
| 14 | Noli de Castro | June 30, 2004 | Present | Independent / Koalisyon ng Katapatan at Karanasan sa Kinabukasan (Lakas-CMD-led coalition) |
14 | |||
[edit] Notes
- ^ Term ended with the dissolution of the Biak na Bato Republic and Aguinaldo's exile.
- ^ Term ended after the surrender of Sakay
- ^ a b c Succeeded after the death of president.
- ^ [1]
- ^ [2]
- ^ Term ended after the surrender of Sakay
- ^ Originally a Nacionalista, but was elected by the National Assembly under Japanese control. All parties were merged under Japanese auspices to form Kalibapi, to which all officials belonged.
- ^ Term ended with the proclamation of martial law.
- ^ Although the office of the vice president existed as per Article VIII of the 1973 Constitution
- ^ Term ended when Marcos was overthrown in the 1986 EDSA Revolution
- ^ Assumed vice presidency by claiming victory in the disputed 1986 snap election.
- ^ Laurel himself was a member of the Nacionalista Party, which aligned itself with the UNIDO ticket
- ^ Estrada was the running mate of Eduardo Cojuangco of the NPC; his own party, Partido ng Masang Pilipino was in coalition with the NPC.
- ^ Nominated by President Arroyo and confirmed by Congress.
[edit] References
- "1973 Constitution of the Republic of the Philippines". Philippine Constitutions. Chan Robles Virtual Law Library. http://www.chanrobles.com/1973constitutionofthephilippines.htm. Retrieved on 2006-10-26.
- "1987 Constitution of the Republic of the Philippines - Article VII". Philippine Constitutions. Chan Robles Virtual Law Library. http://www.chanrobles.com/article7.htm. Retrieved on 2006-10-26.
[edit] See also
- List of Presidents of the Philippines
- Prime Minister of the Philippines (presently defunct)
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